A brief history of web design
When the Internet was first invented, Web design consisted of a basic markup language that included some formatting options, and the unique ability to link pages together using hyperlinks. It was this feature that characterized the Web among other communication methods, and characterized Web design among other design methods. Because of this unique behaviour of the World Wide Web, and the unique behaviour it encouraged in users, Web design would prove to be unlike any other form of design before or since, with the possible exception of interactive CD-ROM design.
As the Web and Web design progressed, the markup language used to make it, known as HTML, became more complex and flexible. Things like tables, which could be used to display tabular information, were soon subverted for use as invisible layout devices. With the advent of Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), table based layout is increasingly regarded as outdated. Database integration technologies such as server-side scripting (see PHP, ASP.NET, ASP, JSP, and ColdFusion) and design standards like CSS further changed and enhanced the way the Web was made.
The introduction of Macromedia Flash into an already interactivity-ready scene has further changed the face of the Web, giving new power to designers and media creators, and offering new interactivity features to users.
Liquid versus fixed layouts
Programmers were the original web page designers in the early 1990s. Currently most web designers come from a graphic artist background in print, where the artist has absolute control over the size and dimensions of all aspects of the design. On the web however, the Web designer has no control over several factors, especially the width of the browser window.
Many designers compensate for this by wrapping their entire webpage in a fixed width box, website designers, web site design, web site designers, internet design, internet designers, webpage design, webpage designers, essentially limiting it to an exact pixel-perfect value, which is a fixed layout. Some create the illusion of liquidity by building the graphics for their webpage at a size larger than any current standard monitor size (however, at the current rate of monitor supersizing, this method will soon become obsolete). Other designers say that this is bad because it ignores the preferences of the user, who might have their browser sized a specific way that they like best. These people propose a liquid layout, where the size of the Web page adjusts itself based on the size of the browser window.
It should be noted that there is a usability reason (rather than wanting control) for why a designer may choose a more fixed layout. Studies have shown that there is usually an optimal line width in terms of readability. One rule to appear from such studies is that lines should be between 40-60 characters long, or approximately 11 words per line.
Hull or Kingston upon Hull is a British city situated on the north bank of the Humber estuary. It is surrounded by the East Riding of Yorkshire, but is a unitary authority. The council is today called Hull City Council, and refers to the city as Hull.
Unusually for a historic English city, Hull has no cathedral. It does, however, have the Holy Trinity church, claimed to be the largest parish church in England.
Hull has an extensive museum and visitor quarter which includes Wilberforce House, Hull and East Riding Museum, the Ferens Art Gallery, the Maritime Museum, Streetlife and Transport Museum, the Spurn Lightship, the Arctic Corsair and the Deep. It also features the University of Hull as well as a smaller campus for the University of Lincoln. Hull is the home of the Queens Gardens, the Hull Marina and is close to the Humber Bridge, the third-longest single-span suspension bridge in the world.
The city has a football team playing at national league level, Hull City A.F.C. who play at the Kingston Communications Stadium.
The city has two national league Rugby League teams, Hull FC who, along with Hull City FC play at the Kingston Communications Stadium and Hull Kingston Rovers playing at 'New' Craven Park.
Hull is the only city in the UK with its own yorkshire, e yourkshire, east yourkshire, east riding, web design, web designers, web hosting, website design, independent telephone network company, Kingston Communications, with distinctive cream telephone boxes. Formed in the 1910s as a municipal department by the City Council it remains the only locally-operated telephone company in the UK, although now privatised. Kingston upon Hull has one of the most advanced computer networks in the world - a metropolitan area network.
Hull's daily newspaper is the Hull Daily Mail and BBC Radio Humberside, Viking FM and the University of Hull's Jam 1575 all broadcast to the city.
Transport within the city is provided by two main bus operators - Stagecoach in Hull and East Yorkshire Motor Services. A smaller operator - Alpha Bus and Coach provide one of the three Park and Ride services in the city, whilst East Yorkshire and Stagecoach provide the other two.
Hull is twinned with Freetown in Sierra Leone, Reykjavik in Iceland and Rotterdam in the Netherlands.
The original settlement of Wyke or Wyke upon Hull was probably established by the Cistercian monastery of Meaux a few miles further up the River Hull to provide a port for the distribution of the abbey's wool. The strategic need for a Northern port sufficiently south of the Scottish border to be secure caused Edward I of England, fighting his campaigns in Scotland, to plant a new planned town on the site. This was the King's town upon Hull or Kingston upon Hull. The associated royal charter, dated April 1, 1299 remains preserved in Hull's Guildhall Archives.
Hull, design, designers, web, internet, website, websites, webpage,
In 1440, the former borough acquired the status of a city becoming a county corporate administratively separate from Yorkshire and having jurisdiction over an area extending west of the city known as Hullshire.
Hull was a major port during the Later Middle Ages and its merchants traded widely to ports in Northern Germany and the Baltic region and the Low Countries. Wool, cloth and hides were exported and timber, wine, furs and dyestuffs imported. Sir William de la Pole, a leading merchant helped establish a family prominent in government. Bishop John Alcock, founder of Jesus College, Cambridge and patron of the grammar school in Hull, hailed from another Hull mercantile family. Hull seems to have grown in prosperity and importance during the course of the sixteenth and earlier seventeenth centuries. This is reflected in the construction of a number of fine, distinctively decorated brick buildings of which Wilberforce House (now a museum dedicated to the life of William Wilberforce) is a rare survival.
In 1642 Hull's governor Sir John Hotham declared for the Parliamentarian cause and later refused Charles I entry into the City and access to its large arsenal. He was declared a traitor and despite a parliamentarian pardon was later executed. (He was actually executed by the parliamentarians, not the royalists, when he tried to change sides.) This series of events was to precipitate the English Civil War since Charles I felt obliged to respond to the 'insult' by besieging the City; an event that played a critical role in triggering open conflict between the Parliamentarian and Royalist causes.
Hull developed as a British trade port with mainland Europe, Whaling until the mid 19th Century and deep sea fishing until the Anglo-Icelandic Cod War 1975-1976, which resolution led to a major decline in Hull's economic fortune. It remains a major port dealing mostly with bulk commodities and commercial road traffic by RORO ferry to Rotterdam and Zeebrugge on mainland Europe. The city remains a UK centre of food processing.
Hull's administrative status web page design, web page designers, design agencies, ecommerce, e-commerce, pixelrevolution, oscilating bovine, pixspidfla, has changed several times. It had been a county borough within the East Riding for many decades, but from 1974 to 1996 it was part of Humberside, and upon the abolition of that county, it was made a unitary authority.
The East Riding of Yorkshire is a local government district in the United Kingdom. It borders on the ceremonial counties of North Yorkshire (including the City of York), South Yorkshire and Lincolnshire (North Lincolnshire unitary), and surrounds on three sides the City of Kingston-upon-Hull (commonly known as Hull), which is a separate unitary district. For ceremonial purposes, the East Riding includes Hull.
It covers part of the historic county of Yorkshire, and East Riding is also the name for one of the historic divisions of the county and was the name of an administrative county that existed from 1888 to 1974, although all three entities are not commensurate in area. Apart from Hull, the whole of the northern part of what was Humberside from 1974 to April 1, 1996 is now in the East Riding of Yorkshire unitary authority, that is, the former districts of Beverley, East Yorkshire, and Holderness and the northern part of Boothferry.
Hull or Kingston upon Hull is a British city situated on the north bank of the Humber estuary. It is surrounded by the East Riding of Yorkshire, but is a unitary authority. The council is today called Hull City Council, and refers to the city as Hull.
Details
Unusually for a historic English city, Hull has no cathedral. It does, however, have the Holy Trinity church, claimed to be the largest parish church (by area) in England.
Hull has an extensive museum and visitor quarter which includes Wilberforce House, Hull and East Riding Museum, the Ferens Art Gallery, the Maritime Museum, Streetlife and Transport Museum, the Spurn Lightship, the Arctic Corsair and the Deep. It also features the University of Hull as well as a smaller campus for the University of Lincoln, and a large FE college, Hull College. Hull is the home of the Queens Gardens, the Hull Marina and is close to the Humber Bridge, the fourth-longest single-span suspension bridge in the world.
The city has a football team playing at national league level, Hull City A.F.C. who play at the Kingston Communications Stadium.
The city has two national league Rugby League teams, Hull FC who, along with Hull City AFC, play at the Kingston Communications Stadium and Hull Kingston Rovers playing at "New" Craven Park.
Hull is the only city in the UK with its own independent telephone network company, Kingston Communications, with its distinctive cream [Telephone booth|telephone boxes]]. Formed in the 1910s as a municipal department by the City Council, it remains the only locally-operated telephone company in the UK, although now privatised. Kingston upon Hull has one of the most advanced computer networks in the world — a metropolitan area network.
The local accent is distinctive and noticeably different from the standard Yorkshire accent. The most notable feature of the accent is the strong "goat fronting"; a word like goat, which is [g??t] in standard (southern) English and [go?t] across most of Yorkshire, becomes [g??t] ("geurt") in and around Hull.
Hull's daily newspaper is the Hull Daily Mail. BBC Radio Humberside, Viking FM, and the University of Hull's Jam 1575 all broadcast to the city.
Transport within the city is provided by two main bus operators Stagecoach in Hull and East Yorkshire Motor Services. A smaller operator, Alpha Bus and Coach, provides one of the three Park and Ride services in the city, whilst East Yorkshire and Stagecoach provide the other two.
Hull is twinned with Freetown in Sierra Leone, Niigata in Japan, Raleigh, North Carolina in the USA, Reykjavik in Iceland, Rotterdam in the Netherlands and Szczecin in Poland. Hull, Massachusetts in the USA is named for this city.
History
The original settlement of Wyke or Wyke upon Hull was probably established by the Cistercian monastery of Meaux a few miles further up the River Hull to provide a port for the distribution of the abbey's wool. The strategic need for a Northern port sufficiently south of the Scottish border to be secure caused Edward I of England, fighting his campaigns in Scotland, to plant a new planned town on the site. This was the King's town upon Hull or Kingston upon Hull. The associated royal charter, dated April 1, 1299 remains preserved in Hull's Guildhall Archives.
In 1440, the former borough acquired the status of a city becoming a county corporate administratively separate from Yorkshire and having jurisdiction over an area extending west of the city known as Hullshire.
Hull was a major port during the Later Middle Ages and its merchants traded widely to ports in Northern Germany and the Baltic region and the Low Countries. Wool, cloth and hides were exported and timber, wine, furs and dyestuffs imported. Sir William de la Pole, a leading merchant helped establish a family prominent in government. Bishop John Alcock, founder of Jesus College, Cambridge and patron of the grammar school in Hull, hailed from another Hull mercantile family. Hull seems to have grown in prosperity and importance during the course of the sixteenth and earlier seventeenth centuries. This is reflected in the construction of a number of fine, distinctively decorated brick buildings of which Wilberforce House (now a museum dedicated to the life of William Wilberforce) is a rare survival.
In 1642 Hull's governor Sir John Hotham declared for the Parliamentarian cause and later refused Charles I entry into the City and access to its large arsenal. He was declared a traitor and despite a parliamentarian pardon was later executed. (He was actually executed by the parliamentarians, not the royalists, when he tried to change sides.) This series of events was to precipitate the English Civil War since Charles I felt obliged to respond to the 'insult' by besieging the City; an event that played a critical role in triggering open conflict between the Parliamentarian and Royalist causes.
Hull developed as a British trade port with mainland Europe, Whaling until the mid 19th Century and deep sea fishing until the Anglo-Icelandic Cod War 1975-1976, which resolution led to a major decline in Hull's economic fortune. It remains a major port dealing mostly with bulk commodities and commercial road traffic by RORO ferry to Rotterdam and Zeebrugge on mainland Europe. The city remains a UK centre of food processing.
Hull's administrative status has changed several times. It had been a county borough within the East Riding for many decades, but from 1974 to 1996 it was part of Humberside, and upon the abolition of that county, it was made a unitary authority.
Notable residents
- Andrew Marvell, poet and parliamentarian grew up in Hull and represented the town in Parliament. A secondary school is named after him in the Bilton Grange area of the city.
- William Wilberforce, the leading slavery abolitionist, was born in Hull 1759, baptised at Holy Trinity church and represented the City as its Member of Parliament until his death in 1833. A sixth form college is named after him in east the city.
- Joseph Malet Lambert, a British education reformer who proposed universal education as an economic stimulus was born in Hull in 1853. A secondary school in the east of the city is named after him.
- Thomas R. Ferens philanthropist, industrialist and Member of Parliament for East Hull from 1906-1918, proved to be one of the city's greatest benefactors, endowing among others University College, the Ferens Art Gallery, and East Park in 1927.
- Amy Johnson, the pioneering woman flyer who was the first person to fly solo from England to Australia, was born in Hull in 1903. A statue depicting her can be found near to the city centre's main Library.
- Though not born in the city, the notorious arsonist and serial killer Bruce Lee lived in Hull and committed his crimes there in the 1970s.
- Tom Courtenay, the highly respected actor, was born in Hull.
- Roland Gift, actor and singer with the Fine Young Cannibals, was born in Hull in 1962.
- Hull is also the adopted home of Paul Heaton, of The Housemartins and latterly The Beautiful South.
- BBC Weatherman Alex Deakin comes from the area.
- Kelly Bailey, singer, model and dramatic actress was born in Hull in 1981.
- Jon Culshaw, the impressionist and comedian, began his career as a DJ on Hull station Viking FM.
- Stevie Smith, poet, was born in Hull.
- Lionel Davidson, novelist, was born in Hull.
- Philip Larkin, poet and librarian, worked in Hull University.
- Douglas Dunn, poet, worked in Hull.
- Maureen Lipman, actress.
- Ian Carmichael, actor.
- Brian Rix, actor.
- Nick Barmby, footballer.
- Mick Ronson, guitarist with David Bowie's Spiders From Mars and musical partner of Ian Hunter.
- Reece Shearsmith, comedian, born in Hull
- Thomas Perronet Thompson, radical reformer, MP and advocate of universal suffrage was born in Hull in 1783.
- The Beautiful South an alternative pop/rock band originated from there